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Alcohol and suicide in Alaska Natives
1Department of Psychiatry, Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey Medical Center, Hershey 17033.
Summary
Alaska Native suicide rates were double the national average. Prior suicide attempts and alcohol abuse were significant risk factors identified in this study of suicide completers.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Suicide rates among Alaska Natives historically exceed national averages.
- Understanding risk factors is crucial for targeted prevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify significant risk factors associated with suicide among Alaska Natives.
- To analyze differences between suicide completers and a control group.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of hospital records from the Alaska Native Medical Center.
- Analysis of 33 Alaska Native suicide completers (1980-1984) compared to a control group.
- Statistical controls for age, sex, and race.
Main Results:
- Alaska Native suicide rates were twice the national average during 1980-1984.
- A history of prior suicide attempt was the most significant difference between groups (p=0.003).
- Alcohol abuse was the most frequently diagnosed psychiatric disorder in the suicide group.
Conclusions:
- Prior suicide attempts are a critical indicator for suicide risk in this population.
- Alcohol abuse is a major antecedent factor contributing to suicide among Alaska Natives.
- Findings underscore the need for integrated mental health and substance abuse services.