Investigations on some coagulability tests in atherosclerosis

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Cardiovascular Medicine
• Pediatrics

Background:

• Coagulation and fibrinolysis are critical hemostatic processes.
• Alterations in these systems are implicated in various diseases, including atherosclerosis.
• Neonates represent a unique physiological state with distinct hemostatic profiles.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate and compare coagulation and fibrinolysis parameters.
• To assess platelet function (retraction, number, adhesiveness, agglutination) in atherosclerosis patients and neonates.
• To establish reference ranges and identify differences compared to a healthy control group.

Main Methods:

• Comparative study involving three groups: atherosclerosis patients, neonates, and healthy controls.
• Analysis of clot retraction time.
• Quantification and qualitative assessment of blood platelets (thrombocytes).
• Measurement of euglobulin lysis time to assess fibrinolytic activity.

Main Results:

• Fibrinolytic activity was comparable between atherosclerosis patients and neonates.
• Significant differences observed in clot retraction time, thrombocyte count, adhesiveness, and agglutination.
• Atherosclerosis patients (75%) displayed hyperadhesiveness and hyperagglutination, with 290,000 thrombocytes/mm³ and 79% clot retraction.
• Neonates exhibited hypoadhesiveness and hypoagglutination, with 115,000 thrombocytes/mm³ and 43% clot retraction.
• All measured parameters differed significantly from the control group.

Conclusions:

• Platelet hyperreactivity is a key feature in atherosclerosis patients.
• Neonates demonstrate significantly reduced platelet activity.
• These distinct hemostatic profiles highlight disease-specific and age-related variations in coagulation and fibrinolysis.