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Herpes simplex infection causing acute necrotizing tonsillitis

P J Wat1, J G Strickler, J L Myers

  • 1Division of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.

Mayo Clinic Proceedings
|March 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Herpes simplex virus (HSV) can cause acute herpetic tonsillitis, a rare condition. Histologic findings in the tonsils resemble those of herpetic lymphadenitis.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Pathology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Acute tonsillitis is commonly caused by bacteria or other viruses.
  • Herpetic tonsillitis, caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV), is an uncommon etiology.
  • Clinical presentation can mimic other conditions, such as peritonsillar abscess.

Observation:

  • A case report details a 22-year-old woman presenting with bilateral cervical adenopathy and acute tonsillitis.
  • Histologic examination of tonsillar tissue revealed necrotic areas with intranuclear viral inclusions.
  • Immunostains confirmed HSV-infected cells, and cultures were positive for HSV.

Findings:

  • The study describes the clinical and pathologic features of acute herpetic tonsillitis.
  • Histologic findings in herpetic tonsillitis were compared to those of herpetic lymphadenitis.

Related Experiment Videos

  • HSV infection was confirmed as the cause of tonsillitis in this patient.

    • Implications:

    • HSV infection is an infrequent cause of acute tonsillitis.
    • The characteristic histologic findings of herpetic tonsillitis are similar to those observed in herpetic lymphadenitis.
    • Understanding these similarities aids in the diagnosis and management of herpetic tonsillitis.