Technology transfer to the developing world: does new technology have any relevance for developing countries?

Area of Science:

• Health technology assessment
• Global health
• Technology transfer

Background:

• Technology encompasses more than just equipment; it includes knowledge, understanding, and the ability to control processes.
• Various technologies, not exclusively biomedical, influence the incidence and control of diseases like tuberculosis.
• The novelty of technology is less critical than its relevance, especially in developing countries.

Purpose of the Study:

• To emphasize the importance of technology relevance over novelty for developing nations.
• To highlight key criteria for technology adoption in developing countries, including applicability, cost-effectiveness, and social equity.
• To discuss barriers to technology transfer and assessment in developing countries.

Main Methods:

• Conceptual analysis of technology's role in disease control.
• Examination of criteria for evaluating technology in developing country contexts.
• Discussion of regulatory, ethical, and economic factors influencing technology adoption.

Main Results:

• Relevance criteria for technology in developing countries include direct application to disease reduction, affordability, cost-effectiveness, foreign exchange savings, public demand, and social equity.
• The health benefits of new technology should outweigh its costs, though this is challenging to quantify.
• Intellectual property, regulations, ethical considerations, and informed consent can impede technology transfer and clinical trials.

Conclusions:

• Technology adoption in developing countries should prioritize relevance, affordability, and equity over mere novelty.
• Addressing barriers related to intellectual property, regulations, and ethical considerations is crucial for effective technology transfer.
• A balanced approach is needed to ensure that health technology benefits outweigh costs and promote equitable health outcomes.