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Omphalitis neonatorum

M M Faridi1, A Rattan, S H Ahmad

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, JN Medical College, Aligarh.

Journal of the Indian Medical Association
|November 1, 1993
PubMed
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Omphalitis neonatorum (newborn umbilical inflammation) is linked to poor hygiene and improper cord care. Hospital-born infants had earlier diagnosis and no sepsis, unlike home-born infants with delayed treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Omphalitis neonatorum, an umbilical cord infection, poses a significant risk to newborns, particularly those born outside hospital settings.
  • Predisposing factors include improper umbilical cord management and unhygienic neonatal care practices.
  • The study highlights disparities in omphalitis incidence and outcomes between hospital-born and home-born neonates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinicobacteriological profile of omphalitis neonatorum.
  • To compare the incidence, diagnosis, and outcomes of omphalitis in hospital-born versus home-born neonates.
  • To identify predisposing factors and common causative organisms of omphalitis.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study involving 4776 neonates (4410 hospital-born, 366 home-delivered).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Data collection on omphalitis incidence, predisposing factors, clinical presentation, and causative organisms.
  • Microbiological analysis including Gram's stain for identifying pathogens.

    • Main Results:

    • Omphalitis incidence was 2.3% in hospital-born neonates; 21.3% of home-delivered neonates admitted for other conditions had concomitant omphalitis.
    • Hospital-born neonates showed significantly earlier diagnosis (p < 0.001) and no sepsis development.
    • Gram-negative organisms, notably Klebsiella, caused 57.1% of omphalitis cases, with higher incidence in home-delivered infants.

    Conclusions:

    • Home delivery and poor hygiene significantly increase the risk of omphalitis and subsequent sepsis in neonates.
    • Prompt diagnosis and management are crucial, with hospital births demonstrating better outcomes.
    • Gram's stain is a valuable tool for rapid identification of umbilical cord pathogens.