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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Rev-responsive element RNA binds to host cell-specific proteins
R R Shukla1, P L Kimmel, A Kumar
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D.C. 20037.
Journal of Virology
|April 1, 1994
Summary
Human cells form specific complexes with HIV-1 RRE RNA using host proteins, a function absent in rodent cells. Human chromosomes 6 or 12 are crucial for forming these vital Rev-responsive element RNA-protein interactions.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Virology
- Genetics
Background:
- The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Rev protein regulates viral RNA transport.
- Rev-mediated RNA transport requires the Rev-responsive element (RRE) RNA.
- Host cell factors are implicated in the formation of RRE-protein complexes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the host cell specificity of RRE RNA-protein complex formation.
- To identify the cellular components involved in RRE binding.
- To determine the role of specific human chromosomes in RRE complex formation.
Main Methods:
- RNase protection-gel retention assays were employed.
- Studies utilized human, rodent, and murine cell lines.
- Human-mouse somatic cell hybrids retaining single human chromosomes were analyzed.
Main Results:
- Human host cells form specific ribonucleoprotein complexes with HIV-1 RRE RNA.
- Rodent or murine cells lack the ability to form these complexes.
- Human chromosomes 6 or 12 are necessary for RRE-protein complex formation.
- Two major proteins (120 and 62 kDa) specifically bind RRE RNA, and are deficient in rodent cells.
Conclusions:
- Host cell-specific proteins are essential for HIV-1 RRE RNA complex formation.
- Human chromosomes 6 and 12 harbor genes critical for these interactions.
- The findings elucidate a key host-pathogen interaction in HIV-1 replication.