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Exercise training increases total systemic arterial compliance in humans

J D Cameron1, A M Dart

  • 1Alfred Baker Medical Unit, Baker Medical Research Institute, Prahran, Victoria, Australia.

The American Journal of Physiology
|February 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Exercise training improves arterial compliance in young men. Four weeks of exercise increased systemic arterial compliance (SAC) and decreased blood pressure, indicating enhanced cardiovascular health.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Exercise Science

Background:

  • Systemic arterial compliance (SAC) is a key indicator of cardiovascular health.
  • Sedentary lifestyles are associated with reduced arterial compliance and increased cardiovascular risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of 4 weeks of exercise training on total systemic arterial compliance (SAC) in previously sedentary young males.
  • To determine if exercise training improves intrinsic arterial compliance independent of blood pressure changes.

Main Methods:

  • Noninvasive assessment of SAC using Doppler velocimetry and applanation tonometry.
  • Measurement of ascending aortic blood velocity and surrogate aortic root pressure.
  • Calibration of pressure waveform against sphygmomanometrically measured brachial arterial pressures.

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Main Results:

  • Exercise training significantly increased maximum oxygen consumption (VO2 max) by 5.1 ml.min-1 x kg-1.
  • Systolic blood pressure decreased by 8.4 mmHg, and mean SAC increased by 0.26 units.
  • Aortic arch stiffness (beta-index) decreased, suggesting improved intrinsic arterial compliance.

Conclusions:

  • Four weeks of exercise training effectively increases systemic arterial compliance (SAC) in young males.
  • The observed increase in SAC is partly attributed to improved intrinsic arterial compliance, beyond the effects of reduced blood pressure.
  • The exercise-induced enhancement in SAC is linearly correlated with improvements in VO2 max.