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Hypercalcaemia: historical perspectives and present management

M H Tattersall1

  • 1Department of Cancer Medicine, University of Sydney, Australia.

Supportive Care in Cancer : Official Journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
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Hypercalcaemia, a common cancer complication, affects one-third of patients with high calcium levels. While treatments manage symptoms, median survival for cancer patients with hypercalcaemia is only five weeks.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Endocrinology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Hypercalcaemia is a frequent complication in various cancers.
  • Cancer is the leading cause of hypercalcaemia in hospitalized patients, accounting for approximately one-third of cases.
  • Lung and breast cancers are common causes in Western countries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the incidence, clinical presentations, and evolving management strategies for cancer-associated hypercalcaemia.
  • To highlight the significance of hypercalcaemia as a marker in cancer patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of hypercalcaemia in cancer patients.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations and current management approaches.

Main Results:

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  • Cancer is the most common cause of hypercalcaemia in hospitalized individuals.
  • Median survival for patients with cancer and hypercalcaemia is approximately five weeks.
  • Clinical manifestations include gastrointestinal, neurological, cardiovascular, and renal symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Cancer-associated hypercalcaemia significantly impacts patient prognosis.
  • Management has shifted towards inhibiting bone resorption.
  • While palliative, treatment of hypercalcaemia is crucial for symptom management.