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Related Experiment Videos

Closed versus open endotracheal suctioning: costs and physiologic consequences

K L Johnson1, P A Kearney, S B Johnson

  • 1Department of Nursing, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, Lexington.

Critical Care Medicine
|April 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Closed endotracheal suctioning causes fewer physiologic disturbances and is more cost-efficient than open suctioning. This method reduces complications and improves oxygen saturation, making it a preferred choice for patient care.

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Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Respiratory Therapy
  • Nursing Practice

Background:

  • Endotracheal suctioning is a common procedure in intensive care units.
  • Different methods of endotracheal suctioning exist, each with potential physiologic consequences and costs.
  • Evaluating these methods is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes and resource utilization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the physiologic effects of closed versus open endotracheal suctioning.
  • To assess the associated costs and nursing time for each method.
  • To determine the most effective and efficient suctioning technique.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective, randomized, controlled study in an eight-bed trauma intensive care unit.
  • Inclusion of 35 trauma/general surgery patients undergoing 276 endotracheal suctioning procedures.

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  • Comparison of physiologic data (mean arterial pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, dysrhythmias) and costs between open and closed suctioning groups.

    • Main Results:

    • Open suctioning increased mean arterial pressure and heart rate significantly more than closed suctioning.
    • Closed suctioning was associated with fewer dysrhythmias and improved arterial and systemic venous oxygen saturation.
    • No difference in nosocomial pneumonia rates; open suctioning incurred higher costs and nursing time.

    Conclusions:

    • Closed endotracheal suctioning leads to fewer physiologic disturbances compared to the open method.
    • Closed suctioning is an effective, cost-efficient technique associated with reduced suction-induced complications.
    • The findings support the use of closed suctioning in critical care settings.