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Using computer-based models for predicting human thermal responses to hot and cold environments

R A Haslam1, K C Parsons

  • 1Department of Human Sciences, University of Technology, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK.

Ergonomics
|March 1, 1994
PubMed
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Four human thermoregulation models were evaluated for predicting responses to hot and cold environments. The 25-node model showed the most consistent accuracy, while others had limitations in specific conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Human thermoregulation
  • Environmental physiology
  • Predictive modeling

Background:

  • Accurate prediction of human physiological responses to thermal environments is crucial for safety and comfort.
  • Several models exist to predict human thermoregulation, but their practical applicability requires validation against experimental data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the predictive accuracy of four influential human thermoregulation models.
  • To compare model predictions with a wide range of human experimental data across diverse environmental conditions.
  • To provide guidance on model selection for specific environmental scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of predictions from four models (Pierce Lab 2-node, Stolwijk and Hardy 25-node, Givoni and Goldman, ISO/DIS 7933) against previously published human experimental data.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Categorization of experimental data by environmental variables (temperature, air movement, humidity, clothing, work) to assess model performance under different conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • At least one model generally achieved predictions comparable to human subject variability.
    • Models accurately predicted deep-body and mean skin temperatures in cool, neutral, warm, and hot environments.
    • Model predictions for deep-body temperature in cold environments were poor.
    • The 25-node model offered the most consistent accuracy; the 2-node model was less accurate during exercise.
    • The rectal-temperature model often overestimated deep-body temperature but was useful in very hot or heavy exercise conditions.
    • The ISO model's allowable exposure times were insufficient for some exercise conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • Useful predictions of human thermoregulation are possible for a range of environmental conditions using current models.
    • The Stolwijk and Hardy 25-node model is recommended for its consistent accuracy across various thermal environments.
    • Model selection should consider specific environmental conditions and activity levels for optimal predictive performance.