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paragonimiasis in Manipur

T S Singh1, S Mutum, M A Razaque

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Regional Medical College, Imphal.

The Indian Journal of Medical Research
|November 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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This study found a 6.7% prevalence of paragonimiasis in Manipur, India, linked to eating raw or undercooked crabs. The intradermal test proved effective for screening this parasitic infection.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Parasitology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Paragonimiasis is a parasitic lung disease caused by Paragonimus species.
  • Consumption of raw or undercooked freshwater crabs is a primary transmission route.
  • Limited data exists on paragonimiasis prevalence and risk factors in Northeast India.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of paragonimiasis in Imphal valley, Manipur.
  • To identify epidemiological factors associated with the infection.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of the intradermal test for mass screening.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional survey involving 3,467 individuals aged five years and above.
  • Intradermal skin testing using saline extract of adult Paragonimus westermani antigen.

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  • Analysis of dietary habits (crab consumption) and demographic data.
  • Clinical and laboratory investigations for symptomatic individuals.

    • Main Results:

    • An overall prevalence of 6.7% was observed.
    • Crab eaters showed a significantly higher prevalence (8.0%) compared to non-crab eaters (0.1%).
    • Prevalence varied significantly across different age groups and sexes.
    • Raw/undercooked crab consumption showed a strong correlation with skin reactivity.

    Conclusions:

    • The intradermal test is a simple, cost-effective, and sensitive tool for screening paragonimiasis.
    • Crab consumption, particularly raw or undercooked, is a major risk factor.
    • Public health interventions should focus on educating communities about safe food practices to prevent paragonimiasis.