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Interaction between marihuana and altitude on a complex behavioral task in baboons

M F Lewis, P Ferraro, H W Mertens

Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine

|February 1, 1976

Summary

Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta9-THC) from marihuana impairs work output at high altitudes. Hypoxia potentiates marihuana

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Area of Science:

Behavioral pharmacology
Aerospace medicine
Neuroscience

Background:

Marihuana's active ingredient, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta9-THC), is known to impair complex behavioral tasks.
While hypoxia's physiological effects may be potentiated by marihuana, its impact on behavior remains unclear.
Assessing the interaction between hypoxia and delta9-THC is crucial for aviation safety.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the combined effects of delta9-THC and altitude-induced hypoxia on complex behavioral performance.
To determine if hypoxia potentiates marihuana's behavioral impairment.

Main Methods:

Two baboons were trained on a delayed matching-to-sample task.
Animals received oral delta9-THC doses (0.25–2.0 mg/kg) at ground level, 2438 m, and 3658 m.
Performance accuracy, trials completed, and response speed were measured.

Main Results:

No significant effects on matching accuracy were observed across drug doses or altitudes.
Delta9-THC did not affect work output at ground level.
Higher delta9-THC doses significantly reduced work output (trials completed, response speed) at 2438 m and 3658 m.

Conclusions:

Hypoxia potentiates the impairment of work output caused by delta9-THC.
The behavioral effects of marihuana may be exacerbated under conditions of reduced oxygen tension.
Findings highlight potential risks for individuals using marihuana in high-altitude environments.