Kaposi's sarcoma of the bone marrow presenting with fever of unknown origin

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) has become more common in the United States with the spread of the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) epidemic. The epidemic form associated with AIDS involves primarily skin and visceral organs. Bone marrow involvement is rare. We present a case of Kaposi's sarcoma that was diagnosed upon bone marrow biopsy, without skin or visceral involvement, that presented with fever of unknown origin which responded to indomethacin and anti-KS chemotherapy. Kaposi's sarcoma of the bone marrow should be considered in the differential of febrile illness of unknown origin in patients with AIDS.