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[Myocardial infarct in children. The anatomicoclinical aspects]
A G Dimitriu1, G Scumpu, O Brumariu
1Clinica I Pediatrie, U.M.F. Iaşi.
Insights
Myocardial infarction in children is rare, with varied causes like coronary mediocalcosis and congenital heart defects. Clinical presentation often includes severe cardiac failure, with non-specific ECG findings.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Cardiovascular Pathology
- Neonatal Medicine
Context:
- Myocardial infarction (MI) in pediatric populations is an uncommon but serious condition.
- Understanding the diverse etiologies and clinical presentations is crucial for timely diagnosis and management.
- This study reviews a cohort of pediatric MI cases over a 15-year period.
Purpose:
- To present the etiologies and underlying mechanisms of myocardial infarction in newborns and infants.
- To describe the clinical findings and electrocardiographic (ECG) characteristics in pediatric MI.
- To highlight the challenges in diagnosing and managing MI in this age group.
Summary:
- Nine cases of myocardial infarction in infants and newborns were analyzed.
- Etiologies included coronary mediocalcosis, congenital heart abnormalities (e.g., endocardial fibroelastosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy), severe hypoxia, and acute rheumatic fever.
- The predominant clinical finding was severe decompensated cardiac failure, with largely non-specific ECG findings.
Impact:
- Provides insights into the multifactorial nature of pediatric myocardial infarction.
- Emphasizes the importance of considering MI in neonates and infants presenting with cardiac failure.
- Contributes to the understanding of cardiovascular emergencies in pediatric patients.
Abstract:
Nine cases of myocardial infarction in the newborns (8 cases aged between 7 days and 6 months) and infants (1 case aged 12 years and 6 months) were followed up for 15 years. The etiology was different: mediocalcosis of the coronaries, congenital abnormalities of the heart marked hypertrophy of left ventricular myocardium (endocardial fibroelastosis or nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy) severe hypoxia (severe acute bronchopneumopathies), and AAR, cardioarticular form, with multiple attacks in the infant. The ECG aspects were not specific in most children and clinically the prevailing finding was severe decompensated cardiac failure. The main etiologies and the inducing mechanisms of myocardial infarction in children are presented.