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Infection stones in children: a twenty-seven-year review
D A Diamond1, A M Rickwood, P H Lee
1Department of Urology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, England.
Urology
|April 1, 1994
Summary
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a primary cause of pediatric urolithiasis, particularly in children under six. Proteus mirabilis is the most common pathogen, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Urology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a significant factor in pediatric urolithiasis.
- Understanding the characteristics of children with infection stones is crucial for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the link between UTIs and pediatric urolithiasis.
- To define the profile of pediatric patients who form infection stones.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective analysis of 270 pediatric stone formers over 27 years.
- Data collected included stone composition, location, associated anomalies, and recurrence rates.
- 161 children (60%) were identified with infection-related stones.
Main Results:
- Infection stone formers were predominantly young, with a mean age of 4.9 years (two-thirds under six).
- Proteus mirabilis was identified in 82% of pure urine cultures.
- Stones were mainly renal (70%), with 14% recurrence rate; 33% had contributing anatomic lesions.
Conclusions:
- Proteus mirabilis-associated UTIs are the leading cause of pediatric urolithiasis in the UK.
- The high recurrence rate underscores the importance of prophylactic antibiotics, surgical correction of anomalies, and long-term follow-up.