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Related Experiment Videos

Changes in bone mass early after kidney transplantation

F F Horber1, J P Casez, U Steiger

  • 1Klinik Schloss Mammern, Switzerland.

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Kidney transplant recipients experience significant bone mineral loss, particularly in the lumbar spine and femur, within months of transplantation. This study tracks these early skeletal changes in renal transplant patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Renal transplant patients have higher fracture rates, linked to glucocorticoid-induced osteopenia within six months post-transplant.
  • Observed bone mineral loss in trabecular bone (lumbar spine) contrasts with gains in cortical bone (radius).
  • Early skeletal effects and their timeline post-kidney transplantation remain largely uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively evaluate the early effects of kidney transplantation on bone mineral density (BMD) in various skeletal sites.
  • To determine the time course of these skeletal changes during the first five months after kidney grafting.
  • To compare bone mineral changes in renal transplant recipients with healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective follow-up of 34 kidney transplant recipients from shortly after grafting (12 days) for up to 152 days.

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  • Comparison with 34 age, sex, and BMI-matched healthy volunteers.
  • Bone mineral measurements (whole body, lumbar spine, upper femur) using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (Hologic QDR 1000W).

    • Main Results:

    • Pre-transplant, female patients had lower lumbar spine and upper femur BMD than controls.
    • Lumbar BMD decreased by 1.6% monthly in both sexes post-transplant.
    • Upper femur BMD decreased further in males and tended to decrease in females; whole-body bone area, mineral content, and BMD were reduced in patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Kidney transplantation leads to rapid bone mineral loss in the lumbar spine and upper femur, particularly in females initially.
    • These findings highlight significant early skeletal deterioration following renal transplantation.
    • Early monitoring and intervention strategies for bone health in transplant recipients are warranted.