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Pyogenic meningitis in Ahmedabad

R Panjarathinam1, R K Shah

  • 1Department of Microbiology, B.J. Medical College, Ahmedabad.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|September 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Gram stain of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a valuable diagnostic tool for pyogenic meningitis in children, offering higher accuracy than culture. This method aids in rapid identification of causative bacteria.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Microbiology
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Pyogenic meningitis is a serious infection in children.
  • Accurate and rapid diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is key in diagnosing meningitis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic utility of physical, bacteriological, cytological, and biochemical examinations of CSF in pediatric pyogenic meningitis.
  • To compare the effectiveness of Gram stain versus culture for identifying pathogens.
  • To determine the common bacterial isolates and their antibiotic sensitivities.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 135 CSF samples from children with clinically diagnosed pyogenic meningitis.
  • Performed physical, bacteriological (Gram stain, culture), cytological, and biochemical tests.
  • Identified bacterial species and assessed antibiotic sensitivity for Staphylococcus aureus.

Main Results:

  • All CSF samples were turbid; culture positivity ranged from 12.12% to 56%, averaging 28.68%.
  • Gram stain demonstrated higher diagnostic yield and accuracy compared to culture.
  • Staphylococcus aureus was the most common Gram-positive isolate (8.8%), and Klebsiella was the predominant Gram-negative bacillus (6.6%).
  • Staphylococcus aureus showed 100% sensitivity to erythromycin, gentamycin, kanamycin, and ampicillin.
  • Cytological and biochemical tests showed correlation (67.1%), with increased polymorphs and protein, and decreased sugar levels.

Conclusions:

  • Gram stain is a specific, accurate, and highly valuable method for diagnosing pyogenic meningitis in children.
  • Early identification of pathogens through Gram stain can guide timely and appropriate treatment.
  • Understanding common bacterial profiles and antibiotic sensitivities is essential for managing pediatric meningitis outbreaks.

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