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[Sideeffects of colloids (author's transl)]

K Messmer, J Ring, H Hedin

    Zentralblatt Fur Chirurgie
    |January 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    All clinical colloids carry a risk of anaphylactoid reactions, though rare. Careful patient monitoring and prompt intervention are crucial due to potential severity and unknown preventative measures for these adverse events.

    Area of Science:

    • Anesthesiology
    • Pharmacology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Colloids are widely used in clinical practice for volume replacement.
    • Anaphylactoid reactions to colloids, while infrequent, can be severe and potentially fatal.
    • Existing colloids include plasma protein solution, gelatine, hydroxyethylstarch, and dextran.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the risk and characteristics of anaphylactoid reactions associated with commonly used colloids.
    • To assess differences in reaction manifestation and severity among various colloid preparations.
    • To explore potential prophylactic strategies for colloid-induced anaphylactoid reactions.

    Main Methods:

    • A prospective controlled trial was conducted between 1975 and 1976.
    • Patients receiving plasma protein solution, gelatine, hydroxyethylstarch, and dextran were monitored.

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  • Incidence, clinical presentation, and severity of anaphylactoid reactions were recorded.

    • Main Results:

    • None of the investigated colloids were free from the risk of anaphylactoid reactions.
    • The overall incidence of anaphylactoid reactions was low at 0.03%.
    • Variations in reaction manifestation (skin, circulatory, respiratory) and severity (I-IV) were observed across different colloids.

    Conclusions:

    • All currently used colloids pose a risk of anaphylactoid reactions, necessitating careful patient monitoring during infusion.
    • Early detection and immediate therapeutic intervention are critical for managing anaphylactoid reactions.
    • Further research, including investigation into immune complex mechanisms for dextran reactions, is needed to develop specific prophylactic measures.