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Related Experiment Videos

Tetanus prophylaxis following ocular injuries

W H Benson1, I S Snyder, V Granus

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298-0262.

The Journal of Emergency Medicine
|November 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Tetanus prophylaxis is not routinely needed for uncomplicated corneal abrasions. This study found tetanus risk only in perforating eye injuries, not superficial ones, in an animal model.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Tetanus prophylaxis is common after corneal abrasions, but evidence is lacking.
  • The necessity of tetanus prophylaxis for various eye injuries requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the risk of tetanus following different types of ocular injuries in an animal model.
  • To determine the appropriate indications for tetanus prophylaxis in eye trauma.

Main Methods:

  • Induction of tetanus using Clostridium tetani organisms or toxin in the anterior chamber of mice.
  • Topical inoculation of Clostridium tetani following corneal epithelial debridement or stromal scarification.
  • Comparison of tetanus development in immunized versus unimmunized mice.

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Main Results:

  • Clinical tetanus was successfully induced in unimmunized mice via anterior chamber injection.
  • Immunized mice did not develop tetanus after intracamercal injection.
  • Tetanus was not induced by topical inoculation in either immunized or unimmunized mice after corneal injury.

Conclusions:

  • Tetanus prophylaxis is supported for perforating ocular injuries.
  • Routine tetanus prophylaxis is not supported for uncomplicated corneal abrasions or nonperforating eye injuries.