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Neuropeptides in the human intervertebral disc
I K Ashton1, S Roberts, D C Jaffray
1Centre for Spinal Studies, Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire; England.
Summary
Nerve fibers were found in the outer human intervertebral disc (annulus fibrosus), suggesting a potential source for back pain. No innervation was detected in the disc
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Anatomy
- Pain Research
Background:
- The human intervertebral disc (IVD) is crucial for spinal function.
- Understanding IVD innervation is key to diagnosing and treating back pain.
- Previous studies on IVD innervation remain inconclusive.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the innervation of the human intervertebral disc using immunochemical methods.
- To identify specific nerve markers and their distribution within the IVD.
Main Methods:
- Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect nerve markers.
- Human intervertebral discs (n=12) were obtained during anterior arthrodesis for back pain.
- Antibodies against general nerve markers (PGP 9.5) and neuropeptides (CGRP, Substance P, VIP, NPY) were used.
Main Results:
- Protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5)-immunoreactive nerve fibers were present in the outer annulus fibrosus of 11/12 discs.
- These fibers extended up to 3 mm into the annulus, running between collagen lamellae.
- No innervation was observed in the nucleus pulposus.
- Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and Substance P fibers were found in 8/12 and 4/12 annuli, respectively.
- Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and NPY-associated peptide fibers were detected in most samples.
Conclusions:
- The outer annulus fibrosus of the human intervertebral disc is innervated.
- The presence of sensory neuropeptides suggests a role for these nerves in pain signaling.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the precise function of IVD innervation in back pain.