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Related Experiment Videos

Fluoride pharmacokinetics in infancy

J Ekstrand1, S J Fomon, E E Ziegler

  • 1Department of Dental Toxicology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden.

Pediatric Research
|February 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Infant fluoride supplementation shows significant absorption and retention, with excretion rates varying by urinary flow and age. Fluoride clearance decreases with age, indicating altered pharmacokinetics in infants.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacokinetics
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Infants require careful consideration for fluoride supplementation due to developing physiology.
  • Understanding fluoride absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) is crucial for safe dosing.
  • Limited pharmacokinetic data exists for fluoride supplementation in the infant population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the pharmacokinetic profile of a fluoride supplement in infants.
  • To assess fluoride absorption, retention, and excretion following supplementation.
  • To investigate the relationship between fluoride dose, body weight, age, and pharmacokinetic parameters.

Main Methods:

  • A crossover study design involving 17 infants receiving either a fluoride supplement or placebo.

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  • Plasma and urine samples collected over 5 hours post-administration for fluoride analysis.
  • Pharmacokinetic parameters including peak plasma concentration, area under the curve, and clearance were calculated.

    • Main Results:

    • Fluoride supplementation led to a mean peak plasma concentration of 3.3 µmol/L, reached within 30-60 minutes.
    • Fluoride retention ranged from 75.4% to 87.6% of the absorbed dose, strongly related to body weight.
    • Urinary excretion correlated with urinary flow, and plasma clearance decreased significantly with increasing age.

    Conclusions:

    • Infants demonstrate significant absorption and retention of supplemented fluoride.
    • Age-dependent changes in plasma clearance suggest altered renal handling of fluoride in infants.
    • These findings are critical for establishing safe and effective fluoride dosing guidelines for infants.