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Stroke trends in Japan

K Kodama1

  • 1Department of Clinical Studies, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan.

Annals of Epidemiology
|September 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stroke incidence and mortality have decreased in Japan, with improved survival rates. Lifestyle changes and better blood pressure management are key factors, though cerebral infarction remains a concern in older adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Stroke is a leading cause of death in Japan, historically ranking first.
  • While overall stroke mortality has declined, cerebral infarction incidence remains high in older populations, posing a significant disability challenge.
  • Nationwide data on stroke incidence and survival rates are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in stroke mortality, incidence, and survival rates in Japan.
  • To identify factors contributing to observed changes in stroke epidemiology.
  • To highlight persistent challenges in stroke care, particularly for cerebral infarction.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of mortality data from national statistics.
  • Review of regional stroke incidence studies (e.g., Akita/Osaka, Nagano, Hiroshima/Nagasaki, Hisayama).

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  • Examination of survival rate data from cohort studies (e.g., Hiroshima/Nagasaki).

    • Main Results:

    • Stroke mortality peaked around 1970 and has since decreased, with heart disease now being the leading cause of death.
    • Studies indicate significant decreases in both cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage incidence across various regions.
    • Survival rates for stroke, including cerebral hemorrhage and infarction, have improved over time.
    • The reduction in cerebral infarction incidence is less pronounced, especially in the elderly, where disability rates remain high.

    Conclusions:

    • Declining stroke incidence and mortality, alongside improved survival, suggest less severe strokes and enhanced medical care.
    • Adoption of healthier lifestyles and effective blood pressure management are considered the most significant contributors to these positive trends.
    • Cerebral infarction in advanced age continues to be a critical public health issue requiring further attention.