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[Field studies on different control schemes for hookworm infection]

C M Tang1, J J Huang

  • 1Institute of Parasitic Diseases Control, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning.

Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi = Chinese Journal of Parasitology & Parasitic Diseases
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Mass treatment with mebendazole-medicated salt proved most effective for controlling hookworm infection, significantly reducing infection rates and intensity over three years. This approach offers a practical solution for long-term hookworm control.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Hookworm infection remains a significant public health concern, particularly in endemic regions.
  • Previous control strategies have included selective chemotherapy and integrated approaches.
  • Long-term efficacy and practicality of different control schemes require ongoing evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effectiveness of three distinct control schemes for hookworm infection.
  • To evaluate selective chemotherapy, combined chemotherapy with fecal disposal management, and mass treatment with mebendazole-medicated salt.
  • To determine the most practical and sustainable method for hookworm infection control.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of three control schemes over a 20-year period (1971-1990) in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.

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  • Scheme 1: Selective chemotherapy.
  • Scheme 2: Selective chemotherapy combined with fecal disposal management.
  • Scheme 3: Mass treatment with mebendazole-medicated salt (100 mg or 50 mg daily for 30 days).
  • Monitoring of infection rates and intensity (eggs per gram faeces) through stool examinations.

    • Main Results:

    • Selective chemotherapy reduced hookworm infection rate from 42.6% to 3.9% and intensity from 425.6 to 1.6 EPG over ten years.
    • Combined treatment reduced infection rate from 58.7% to 10.9% and intensity from 111.5 to 8.5 EPG in seven years, but rates increased post-termination.
    • Mebendazole-medicated salt treatment resulted in infection rates dropping to 2% and 1.3%, and intensity to 1.3 and 0.24 EPG one year post-treatment, remaining low after three years.

    Conclusions:

    • Mass treatment with mebendazole-medicated salt demonstrated superior long-term efficacy and sustainability in controlling hookworm infection.
    • Selective chemotherapy showed significant short-term benefits but was less effective long-term.
    • Combined treatment showed initial success but was not sustainable without continued intervention.