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Related Experiment Videos

Normal and abnormal torsional development in children

G Fabry1, L X Cheng, G Molenaers

  • 1Orthopaedic Department, University Hospital Pellenberg, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.

Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research
|May 1, 1994
PubMed
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This study on children

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Orthopedics
  • Biomechanics
  • Gait Analysis

Background:

  • Intoeing gait is a common pediatric condition.
  • It can stem from increased femoral anteversion or internal tibial torsion.
  • Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To differentiate causes of intoeing gait in children.
  • To analyze the relationship between femoral anteversion and tibial rotation.
  • To evaluate changes in anteversion in children with corrected intoeing.

Main Methods:

  • Study included 123 children with intoeing gait.
  • Measurements included hip rotation, thigh-foot angle, Q-angle, and CT scans.
  • Children were categorized based on femoral anteversion and tibial torsion.

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Main Results:

  • Increased femoral anteversion (IFA) caused intoeing in 70% of cases; internal tibial torsion (ITT) in 30%.
  • The IFA group showed varied tibial rotation (40.3% external, 59.7% internal).
  • In the ITT group, anteversion was normal, but tibial torsion was significantly decreased.

Conclusions:

  • IFA is the predominant cause of intoeing in this cohort.
  • Tibial rotation can coexist with IFA, complicating presentation.
  • Further research is needed on the natural resolution of IFA.