[Neutropenic colitis following chemotherapy for malignancy]

Neutropenic colitis (NC) is an inflammatory process of the terminal ileum, cecum and ascending colon which often develops in neutropenic patients following chemotherapy for malignant diseases. A case of NC in 65-year old man who was neutropenic after chemotherapy for chronic lymphatic leukemia, is presented. Early diagnosis on CT-scan and appropriate antibiotic therapy led to prompt resolution of the bowel condition. Physicians who treat patients with malignant diseases should be aware of this potentially lethal condition so that it can be effectively diagnosed and treated.