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Related Experiment Videos

Perceived intellectual performance change over seven years

K W Schaie1, S L Willis, A M O'Hanlon

  • 1Pennsylvania State University.

Journal of Gerontology
|May 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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This study on intellectual performance found that people

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Gerontology
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Intellectual performance can change over time.
  • Perceptions of cognitive change may not always align with actual changes.
  • Understanding this discrepancy is important for psychological well-being.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine actual and perceived changes in intellectual performance over seven years.
  • To categorize participants based on their accuracy in estimating cognitive changes.
  • To investigate demographic differences in the perception of cognitive aging.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 837 participants in the Seattle Longitudinal Study.
  • Administered five subtests of Thurstone's Primary Mental Abilities (PMA) in 1977 and 1984.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Collected self-rated perceived intellectual performance changes in 1984.

    • Main Results:

    • Participants were classified as Realists, Optimists, or Pessimists regarding their cognitive changes.
    • Classification varied across different intellectual abilities.
    • Women were more likely to underestimate spatial orientation changes, while older adults were more likely to underestimate verbal and reasoning abilities but accurately estimate numerical abilities.

    Conclusions:

    • Perceptions of intellectual change are not always accurate and vary by ability.
    • Demographic factors like sex and age influence how individuals perceive their cognitive aging.
    • The study highlights the complex relationship between actual cognitive function and subjective experience.