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Infection in athletes

I K Brenner1, P N Shek, R J Shephard

  • 1School of Physical and Health Education, Division of Community Health, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)
|February 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Intensive training and competition can make athletes more susceptible to infections like upper respiratory tract infections and skin infections. Continuing strenuous exercise during illness can worsen symptoms and impair athletic performance.

Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Anecdotal evidence suggests athletes are prone to illness during intense training.
  • Athletes often believe exercise enhances immunity, but competition stress may increase susceptibility.
  • Literature indicates higher prevalence of upper respiratory and skin infections in elite athletes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of strenuous training and competition on athlete immunity.
  • To explore how exercise affects innate and adaptive immune systems in athletes.
  • To understand the risks of continuing training during infectious illness.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on athlete infections and immune responses.
  • Analysis of exercise-induced changes in immune system components.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of how physical factors and immune alterations affect host defense.

    • Main Results:

    • Top-level athletes show increased prevalence of upper respiratory and skin infections, especially during intensive training.
    • Strenuous exertion and contact sports can compromise host defense through physical and immunosurveillance impairment.
    • Adverse changes in immune system components increase infection susceptibility; continuing training during illness is detrimental.

    Conclusions:

    • Intensive training and competition can temporarily weaken an athlete's immune system, increasing infection risk.
    • Physical barriers and immune system components are compromised, heightening susceptibility to infections.
    • Training during illness negatively impacts performance and disease severity, underscoring the need for proper recovery.