[Pseudo-esotropia caused by nasal dislocation of the macula in patients with high infantile myopia]

Pseudostrabismus due to dislocation of the macula is a well-known clinical entity mostly reported in the outward, upward and downward directions. This heterotopia is thought to be caused by changes in the growth rate in different areas of the retina or mechanically by retinal traction due to abortive ROP, vascular abnormalities, chorioiditis or other peripheral retinal disorders. In this paper we demonstrate four cases of macular dislocation in the direction of the optic disc associated with high myopia in infants and toddlers without signs of other retinal abnormalities. These children had myopia had myopia ranging from -17 to -20 D and esotropia superimposed by pseudostrabismus. In all four cases, strabismus surgery was performed. Postoperatively, these children showed signs of some binocular interaction. This case report may indicate that in children with strabismus associated with high myopia macular dislocation should be considered as a further characteristic affecting diagnosis and therapy.