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Tinnitus and suicide

J E Lewis1, S D Stephens, L McKenna

  • 1Department of Psychological Medicine, Whitchurch Hospital, Cardiff, UK.

Clinical Otolaryngology and Allied Sciences
|February 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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This study found no specific tinnitus characteristics linked to suicide. Tinnitus suicide victims were predominantly male, elderly, socially isolated individuals with high rates of depression.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Psychiatry
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Tinnitus is a common auditory symptom.
  • Previous research suggested a link between left-sided tinnitus and suicide.
  • Understanding risk factors for suicide in tinnitus patients is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the characteristics of tinnitus sufferers who died by suicide.
  • To determine if specific tinnitus parameters or audiological symptoms are associated with suicide in this population.
  • To identify demographic and clinical factors associated with suicide in tinnitus patients.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study design was employed.
  • A worldwide questionnaire was distributed to gather information on tinnitus sufferers who committed suicide.

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  • Data from 28 completed suicides were analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • No conclusive association was found between left-sided tinnitus and suicide.
    • No specific tinnitus parameter or audiological symptom was over-represented in the suicide cases.
    • Tinnitus suicide victims were characterized as male, elderly, and socially isolated.
    • A high prevalence of psychiatric morbidity, particularly depression (70%), was observed.
    • Five individuals had a history of suicide attempts within the preceding year.

    Conclusions:

    • The study did not replicate previous findings on left-sided tinnitus and suicide.
    • Demographic factors (male, elderly, socially isolated) and psychiatric conditions (especially depression) are significant characteristics of tinnitus suicide victims.
    • Further research is needed to understand the complex relationship between tinnitus, mental health, and suicide risk.