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Early somatosensory evoked potentials

A Sances, S J Larson, J F Cusick

    Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology
    |October 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study investigated early somatosensory evoked potentials from median nerve stimulation. Findings indicate the dorsal column nuclei generate early responses, with later components originating in the cerebral cortex.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Electrophysiology

    Background:

    • Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) are crucial for assessing the integrity of the somatosensory pathway.
    • Understanding the generators of early SEPs is vital for accurate clinical interpretation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To precisely localize the neural generators of early somatosensory evoked potentials following median nerve stimulation in humans and non-human primates.
    • To differentiate the origins of early versus later components of the somatosensory evoked potential.

    Main Methods:

    • Recording early somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) from scalp electrodes (vertex-to-mastoid, vertex-to-inion) and skull base following median nerve stimulation in humans.
    • Utilizing intraoperative recordings during human stereotaxic surgery and neurologic surgery.
    • Performing cervical cord and midpontine transections in monkeys.

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  • Conducting depth recordings in the monkey brain.

    • Main Results:

    • Early SEPs in humans showed onset latencies of 9-12 msec from scalp and cervical dorsal column recordings.
    • A 1.5 msec latency difference was observed between early SEPs and thalamic responses (medial lemniscus/nucleus ventralis posterior lateralis).
    • Monkey studies localized evoked potential generators between cervical and midpontine levels, with early components originating in dorsal column nuclei and later components in the cerebral cortex.

    Conclusions:

    • The early somatosensory evoked potential following median nerve stimulation is primarily generated by structures within the dorsal column nuclei.
    • Later components of the somatosensory evoked potential are attributed to generators located in the cerebral cortex.
    • These findings enhance the understanding of somatosensory pathway neurophysiology and aid in interpreting evoked potential data.