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Related Experiment Videos

Adenosine, an endogenous anti-inflammatory agent

B N Cronstein1

  • 1Department of Medicine, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Adenosine, acting via A2 receptors, exhibits potent anti-inflammatory effects by modulating neutrophil functions. This suggests adenosine receptor agonists are promising candidates for developing new anti-inflammatory therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Adenosine's physiological effects are known, but therapeutic potential is recently recognized.
  • Anti-inflammatory effects of adenosine via A2 receptors were discovered a decade ago.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the anti-inflammatory effects of adenosine and its therapeutic potential.
  • To explore the mechanism by which adenosine modulates leukocyte function.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing studies on adenosine receptors and inflammation.
  • Analysis of adenosine's effects on neutrophil functions (phagocytosis, oxidative burst, adhesion).
  • Investigation of adenosine A2 receptor signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • Adenosine inhibits neutrophil phagocytosis, toxic oxygen metabolite generation, and adhesion.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Adenosine does not inhibit neutrophil degranulation or chemotaxis.
  • Adenosine A2 receptor activation uncouples chemoattractant receptors from stimulus-transduction proteins via an unknown mechanism.
  • Therapeutic concentrations of adenosine are found in vivo.

    • Conclusions:

    • Adenosine plays a role in modulating inflammation in vivo.
    • Adenosine receptor agonists are potent anti-inflammatory agents.
    • Methotrexate reduces inflammation by increasing adenosine release.
    • Adenosine and related agents are promising candidates for anti-inflammatory drug development.