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Related Experiment Videos

Hormonal implants: contraception for a new century

P D Darney1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco.

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
|May 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Subdermal implants offer highly effective, reversible contraception with minimal health risks. These progestin-releasing systems, like Norplant, show a 1% pregnancy rate over 5 years and prompt fertility return.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Contraception
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Subdermal implants provide sustained release of synthetic progestins.
  • They avoid estrogen and progestin peaks, minimizing health risks.
  • Norplant is the most extensively studied subdermal contraceptive implant.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of subdermal contraceptive implants.
  • To assess the impact of sustained low-dose levonorgestrel on metabolic changes.
  • To review side effects, continuation rates, and fertility return after discontinuation.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical trials involving over 60,000 women.
  • Analysis of pregnancy rates, ectopic pregnancy incidence, and metabolic changes.
Keywords:
Clinical ResearchClinical TrialsContraceptionContraception ResearchContraceptive AgentsContraceptive Agents, FemaleContraceptive Agents, ProgestinContraceptive ImplantsContraceptive MethodsFamily PlanningLevonorgestrel

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessment of side effects, removal procedures, and development of newer systems.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated high efficacy with a 1% pregnancy rate in 5-year users.
    • Reduced ectopic pregnancy incidence compared to non-contraceptive users.
    • Reported minor but sometimes bothersome side effects, with first-year continuation rates from 76% to 90%.

    Conclusions:

    • Subdermal implants are a highly effective reversible contraceptive method with minimal health risks.
    • Prompt return to fertility occurs after discontinuation.
    • Ongoing research focuses on improving ease of use, aesthetics, and biodegradability of implant systems.