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Extensive chemical burns from toluene

K Shibata1, Y Yoshita, H Matsumoto

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Kanazawa University, Japan.

The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
|May 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Heavy toluene paint exposure caused severe chemical burns and organ failure, leading to death. Immediate skin irrigation is crucial for managing toluene toxicity.

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Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Dermatology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Toluene is a common industrial solvent with known neurotoxic and irritant effects.
  • Severe skin toxicity from toluene exposure is less commonly reported but can be life-threatening.

Observation:

  • A young man experienced extensive chemical burns (71% TBSA) after significant toluene-based paint exposure.
  • Initial skin damage appeared mild but progressed to blistering, necrosis, and massive fluid loss.

Findings:

  • Histological findings were consistent with second-degree thermal burns.
  • The patient developed acute renal failure and disseminated intravascular coagulation, ultimately resulting in death.

Implications:

  • Emergency physicians must recognize the potential for severe skin toxicity from toluene.
  • Prompt and thorough irrigation of exposed skin is vital in managing toluene chemical burns.

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