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[Experience of fluconazole granules and injection in pediatric patients]
Abstract:
Fluconazole (FLCZ) is an antifungal agent of triazole class and has been proven to be effective against deep-seated mycosis caused by Candida spp., Aspergillus spp. and Cryptococcus spp. This time, as we had an opportunity to use fluconazole granules, a new dosage form of the agent, we investigated its efficacy and safety in children with deep-seated mycosis together with the efficacy of the injectable form of the agent. FLCZ was administered to 6 patients with fungal infections for treatment and 5 compromised hosts with a high risk of fungal infections for evaluation of its prophylactic effect. The patients enrolled in the study were 11 in total, of whom 6 patients were evaluated for efficacy: fungal phlegmon in 2, esophageal candidiasis in 2, fungal bronchitis in 1 and oral mycosis in 1. Causative fungi for those infections were Candida albicans in 4 patients, Aspergillus, fumigatus in 1 and Aspergillus flavus in 1. The clinical efficacies were excellent in 3 patients and good in 3. The mycological efficacies were rated as eradicated in 5 patients and reduced in 1. In 5 patients to whom FLCZ was given prophylactically, development of neither fungal infection nor unknown fever was noted. No side effects nor clinical laboratory abnormalities were observed during treatment with either granules or injection, indicative of its safety in children.
Insights
Fluconazole (FLCZ) is an effective antifungal for deep-seated mycoses in children. New fluconazole granules and injectable forms demonstrated excellent safety and efficacy in treating and preventing fungal infections.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Deep-seated mycoses pose significant risks, particularly in pediatric populations.
- Triazole antifungals like fluconazole are crucial for treating infections caused by Candida, Aspergillus, and Cryptococcus species.
- Evaluating new drug formulations is essential for improving patient outcomes.
Observation:
- This study assessed the efficacy and safety of fluconazole granules and injectable formulations in pediatric patients.
- Six children received fluconazole for treatment of various fungal infections, including candidiasis and aspergillosis.
- Five immunocompromised children received fluconazole prophylactically to prevent fungal infections.
Findings:
- Clinical efficacy was excellent in 3 patients and good in 3, with mycological eradication in 5 out of 6 treated patients.
- Prophylactic administration in 5 high-risk children prevented fungal infections and fever.
- No adverse side effects or laboratory abnormalities were observed with either fluconazole formulation.
Implications:
- Fluconazole, in both granular and injectable forms, is a safe and effective option for treating and preventing deep-seated mycoses in children.
- The new fluconazole granule formulation offers a viable alternative for pediatric antifungal therapy.
- Further research can explore broader applications and long-term outcomes of fluconazole in pediatric mycology.