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Related Experiment Videos

An orbiting scroll blood pump without valves or rotating seals

M K Sharp1

  • 1Biofluid Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84112.

ASAIO Journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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This study introduces a novel blood pump design without valves or seals, utilizing orbital scroll action. The valve-less, seal-less pump achieved high flow rates and pressure differences, demonstrating significant potential for medical applications.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Medical Device Design

Background:

  • Traditional blood pumps often incorporate valves and rotating seals, which are costly and present failure points.
  • These components, particularly seals, can lead to thrombus formation and infection, posing risks in medical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design, construct, and evaluate a prototype blood pump that eliminates the need for valves and rotating seals.
  • To assess the performance characteristics, including flow rate and pressure generation, of this novel pump design.

Main Methods:

  • A prototype pump was developed using two identical, spiral-shaped scrolls with offset axes, employing an orbital motion mechanism.
  • The pump design isolates the fluid path from the driving motor and mechanism using a flexible collar.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Performance was tested by varying rotational speed (rpm) and the clearance between scroll tips and plates.

    • Main Results:

    • The pump demonstrated high sensitivity to the clearance between the scroll tip and the opposite scroll plate.
    • At 260 rpm with 51-micron clearance, the pump produced pressure differences up to 400 mmHg and flow rates of 7.7 l/min (water).
    • High volumetric efficiency, reaching up to 70%, was observed and increased with rotational speed.

    Conclusions:

    • The valve-less, seal-less scroll pump design is a viable alternative to conventional blood pumps.
    • The prototype achieved significant pressure and flow rates, indicating its potential for use in medical devices requiring fluid propulsion.
    • Further optimization of scroll clearance and operating parameters could enhance performance for specific applications.