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Caffeine, theophylline, and human sperm motility

K A Dougherty, A T Cockett, R L Urry

    Fertility and Sterility
    |May 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Caffeine and theophylline, common methylxanthines, did not significantly improve semen quality in most men evaluated for fertility. This study found no consistent beneficial effects on sperm motility or viability.

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    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive biology
    • Andrology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Methylxanthines like caffeine and theophylline are widely consumed.
    • Previous studies suggested potential benefits of methylxanthines on semen parameters.
    • Limited research exists on the effects of various concentrations on multiple semen quality metrics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of different concentrations of caffeine and theophylline on semen quality parameters.
    • To assess the effects of these methylxanthines over a 6-hour incubation period.
    • To determine if initial semen quality influences the response to methylxanthines.

    Main Methods:

    • Semen samples were treated with caffeine and theophylline at concentrations ranging from 10(-2) to 10(-6) M.
    • Incubation at 37 degrees C for up to 6 hours.
    • Evaluation of sperm motility, percentage of active spermatozoa, and viable sperm count at multiple time points.

    Main Results:

    • No significant differences in sperm motility, percentage of active spermatozoa, or viable sperm count were observed across tested concentrations and time points.
    • A small number of semen samples showed minor, non-consistent favorable responses.
    • Improvements, when noted, were not dependent on the initial quality of the semen sample.

    Conclusions:

    • Methylxanthines (caffeine and theophylline) do not demonstrate consistent beneficial effects on the majority of semen samples from men attending a fertility clinic.
    • Findings contradict some previous reports, suggesting limited therapeutic potential for these compounds in improving male fertility parameters.
    • Further research may be needed to understand specific contexts or subpopulations where methylxanthines might have an effect.

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