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Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity

A J Anand1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Nassau County Medical Center, East Meadow, NY 11554.

The Annals of Pharmacotherapy
|March 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fluorouracil can cause significant cardiac toxicity, affecting 1.6-2.3% of patients. Monitor closely for chest pain, especially with pre-existing heart conditions or radiation therapy.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cardiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a widely used chemotherapy agent.
  • Cardiac toxicity is a recognized but often underestimated side effect of 5-FU therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical manifestations of 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.
  • To explore postulated mechanisms and therapeutic implications of 5-FU cardiotoxicity.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search of MEDLINE was conducted.
  • Bibliographies of identified articles were manually reviewed for completeness.

Main Results:

  • Clinically evident cardiotoxicity occurs in 1.6-2.3% of patients.
  • Predisposing factors include coronary artery disease and radiotherapy.

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  • Manifestations mimic ischemic events; nitrates and calcium-channel blockers are ineffective.

    • Conclusions:

    • 5-FU cardiotoxicity may be more prevalent than previously assumed.
    • Maintain a high index of suspicion, particularly in patients with heart disease or receiving radiation.
    • Discontinue 5-FU infusion promptly if cardiotoxicity is suspected.