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Progress in controlling emesis with cancer chemotherapy
1Ochsner Cancer Institute, New Orleans, LA 70121.
Summary
Significant advancements in supportive cancer care have led to effective control of chemotherapy-induced emesis using new serotonin antagonist agents. While most patients achieve complete control, challenges remain with delayed and radiation-induced emesis, alongside cost-effectiveness.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
- Supportive Care
Background:
- Chemotherapy-induced emesis significantly impacts patient quality of life.
- Past supportive care measures have shown limited efficacy in controlling nausea and vomiting.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the progress in managing chemotherapy-induced emesis.
- To highlight the role of new antiemetic agents, particularly serotonin antagonists.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical trials and neuropharmacological research.
- Evaluation of available antiemetic agents and treatment regimens.
Main Results:
- Chemotherapy-induced emesis can now be completely controlled in most patients.
- Serotonin antagonists represent a new class of effective antiemetic agents with an excellent therapeutic index.
- Challenges persist in managing delayed emesis, prolonged chemotherapy, and radiation-induced emesis.
Conclusions:
- Substantial progress has been made in controlling chemotherapy-induced emesis.
- Serotonin antagonists offer a promising therapeutic option for managing emesis.
- Ongoing research is needed to address remaining challenges and ensure cost-effective antiemetic therapy.