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A source isolator for infected patients

J R Babb, K Bridges, E J Lowbury

    The Journal of Hygiene
    |June 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study developed a ventilated patient isolator to prevent airborne infection spread. Testing showed the isolator significantly reduced bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus in the air during patient care and bed-making.

    Area of Science:

    • Infection Control
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Microbiology

    Background:

    • Hospital-acquired infections pose a significant risk to patients and healthcare workers.
    • Effective containment strategies are crucial for managing infectious patients in general wards.
    • Existing methods for patient isolation may not fully prevent airborne pathogen transmission.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To design and evaluate a plastic, mechanically ventilated source isolator for infected patients.
    • To assess the isolator's efficacy in preventing airborne bacterial dispersal during patient care and transport.
    • To determine the risk of cross-contamination in a general ward setting.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of two models of a mechanically ventilated source isolator with effluent filtration.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Experimental contamination challenges using bacteria from burn patients, simulated bed-making, and Bacillus subtilis var. globigii.
  • Air sampling using slit samplers inside and outside the isolator to quantify bacterial counts.
  • Comparison of bacterial counts with and without isolator use, and during different procedures.

    • Main Results:

    • Consistent reduction in airborne bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus counts outside the isolator during patient dressing changes.
    • Significant protection against airborne contamination from bacteria dispersed inside the isolator during bed-making and simulated dispersal.
    • Potential for increased airborne bacteria upon isolator canopy removal due to residual or resettled bacteria.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed ventilated patient isolator effectively contains airborne bacteria, minimizing infection risk for staff and other patients.
    • The isolator is a valuable tool for nursing and transporting infected patients in general wards.
    • Further research may be needed to address bacterial dispersal upon isolator removal.