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Related Experiment Videos

Qualitative and quantitative methods for detecting staphylococcal epidermolytic toxin

J P Arbuthnott, B Billcliffe

    Journal of Medical Microbiology
    |May 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Eleven of 98 Staphylococcus aureus strains produced epidermolytic toxin, identified by biological and immunological assays. These toxins are linked to skin conditions like impetigo.

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    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Immunology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Staphylococcus aureus produces epidermolytic toxins responsible for skin conditions.
    • Accurate detection and characterization of these toxins are crucial for understanding pathogenesis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To screen Staphylococcus aureus strains for epidermolytic toxin production.
    • To correlate toxin production with specific phage groups and serotypes.
    • To evaluate diagnostic methods for toxin detection.

    Main Methods:

    • Screening of 98 Staphylococcus aureus strains using biological assays (mice), double-diffusion precipitation, and thin-layer-gel isoelectric focusing.
    • Phage typing of toxin-producing strains.
    • Radial-immunodiffusion assay for toxin quantification.

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  • Isoelectric focusing to detect toxin serotypes (ETA and ETB).

    • Main Results:

    • Eleven of 98 strains (11%) produced epidermolytic toxin, confirmed by all three methods.
    • Toxin production was observed in 58% of phage-group II strains and some other phage groups.
    • Six strains produced two distinct toxin serotypes, while five produced one.
    • Radial-immunodiffusion was effective for quantifying toxin >200 µg/ml.
    • A correlation was found between toxin serotypes and protein bands in isoelectric focusing.

    Conclusions:

    • Multiple assays effectively identify epidermolytic toxin-producing Staphylococcus aureus strains.
    • Phage group II is frequently associated with toxin production, but other groups also contribute.
    • Thin-layer isoelectric focusing and immunodiffusion are valuable tools for serotyping and quantifying epidermolytic toxins, aiding in the study of related skin diseases.