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Interviewer effects on self-reported substance use among homeless persons

T P Johnson1, J A Parsons

  • 1Survey Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Chicago 60680.

Addictive Behaviors
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Interviewer demographics influence how homeless individuals report substance use. Male, White, and older interviewers obtained more candid responses, impacting survey accuracy.

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Area of Science:

  • Social Sciences
  • Public Health
  • Survey Methodology

Background:

  • Respondent editing of survey data can introduce bias.
  • Interviewer effects, such as gender, race, and age, may influence responses.
  • Limited research exists on how these effects impact self-reported substance use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine how interviewer demographics affect respondent editing of substance use reports.
  • To identify specific interviewer characteristics that influence disclosure of substance use behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of survey data from 481 homeless individuals in Cook County, Illinois.
  • Random sampling across various service locations (shelters, soup kitchens, etc.).
  • Statistical examination of interviewer demographics (gender, race, age) and their correlation with reported substance use.

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Main Results:

  • A direct, gender-based effect was observed: both male and female respondents reported more substance use to male interviewers.
  • Race and age also played a role, with White and older interviewers eliciting higher reports of substance use.
  • These findings indicate significant interviewer effects on self-reported substance use.

Conclusions:

  • Interviewer demographics demonstrably influence the reporting of substance use among homeless populations.
  • The practice of demographically matching interviewers and respondents may need re-evaluation to mitigate bias.
  • Understanding these effects is crucial for improving the accuracy of substance use surveys.