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ApoA-IV phenotype affects diet-induced plasma LDL cholesterol lowering
P Mata1, J M Ordovas, J Lopez-Miranda
1Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111.
Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis : a Journal of Vascular Biology
|June 1, 1994
Summary
A low-fat, low-cholesterol diet significantly reduced LDL-C in men and women. However, apolipoprotein A-IV phenotype influenced LDL-C reduction in men, with apoA-IV (1/1) showing greater response.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Health
- Nutritional Science
- Human Metabolism
Background:
- The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) recommends dietary modifications to lower LDL-C and heart disease risk.
- Step 1 diet involves reducing total fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol intake.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the LDL-C-lowering effects of an NCEP Step 1 diet compared to an average American diet.
- To investigate the influence of apolipoprotein (apo) A-IV phenotype on dietary response.
Main Methods:
- 153 subjects (93 men, 60 postmenopausal women) consumed both diets for 4-24 weeks.
- Dietary fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol content were analyzed for each diet.
- LDL-C, HDL-C, and triglyceride levels were measured.
- ApoA-IV phenotype was assessed for its impact on lipid profiles.
Main Results:
- The NCEP Step 1 diet (26% fat, 8% saturated fat, 201 mg/d cholesterol) reduced LDL-C by 13% in men and 7% in women.
- Men with apoA-IV (1/1) phenotype showed significantly greater LDL-C reduction (16%) than those with apoA-IV (1/2) (7%).
- ApoA-IV phenotype affected HDL-C and triglyceride levels, with variations observed between phenotypes and sexes.
Conclusions:
- The NCEP Step 1 diet is effective in lowering LDL-C in both men and women.
- ApoA-IV phenotype is a significant factor influencing LDL-C response to dietary changes, particularly in men.
- Further research into genetic factors affecting lipid metabolism and dietary response is warranted.