Immunization of the beef cow and its influence on fetal and neonatal calf health

Specific vaccine recommendations should be made by you, the veterinarian familiar with the operation, the type of cattle handled, and the disease problems cattle typically experience. There are few cookbook solutions. Fine turning the program by including or excluding certain vaccines requires working to identify the specific disease entities present in an operation. This requires good records, complete postmortem examinations, and a good diagnostic support system. Effective management to optimize the immunocompetence of the cow and the timing of administration of the vaccine is as important as selecting the correct antigens and type of vaccines to be used.