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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
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Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

A Two-Step Method for Percutaneous Transhepatic Choledochoscopic Lithotomy
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Percutaneous cholecystolithotomy: is gall stone recurrence inevitable?

J J Donald1, S Cheslyn-Curtis, A R Gillams

  • 1Department of Radiology, Middlesex Hospital, London.

Gut
|May 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Gallstone recurrence after percutaneous cholecystolithotomy is common, affecting 31% of patients within 26 months. However, most recurrences are asymptomatic, and the procedure remains a viable option for selected patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Interventional Radiology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Hepatobiliary Surgery

Background:

  • Percutaneous cholecystolithotomy offers a high success rate for gallstone removal.
  • Gallbladder-preserving treatments carry a risk of gallstone recurrence, which is not well-defined for this radiological method.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively determine the gallstone recurrence rate and clinical outcomes after percutaneous cholecystolithotomy.
  • To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of this minimally invasive gallstone treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 100 patients undergoing percutaneous cholecystolithotomy.
  • Follow-up included clinical assessment and ultrasound at 3, 6, 12 months, and annually thereafter.
  • Actuarial life table analysis was used to calculate cumulative recurrence rates.

Main Results:

  • Overall gallstone recurrence rate was 31% at a mean follow-up of 26 months.
  • Cumulative recurrence rates reached 44% by 48 months.
  • Adjuvant chemolitholysis significantly reduced the stone recurrence rate (p < 0.05).
  • Most recurrent stones were asymptomatic (17/31); however, some patients experienced biliary colic, abdominal pain, or jaundice.
  • Some stone-free patients remained symptomatic, and 8 patients underwent cholecystectomy.

Conclusions:

  • Gallstone recurrence after percutaneous cholecystolithotomy is relatively common but usually asymptomatic.
  • Percutaneous cholecystolithotomy is a justified treatment option for selected patients with gallstones.
  • Adjuvant chemolitholysis may improve long-term outcomes by reducing recurrence rates.