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Neonatal candidemia

A Roy1, P K Maiti, S Adhya

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Medical College, Calcutta.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|November 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Neonatal septicaemia in Calcutta was frequently caused by bacteria and Candida species. Candida albicans was the predominant pathogen, leading to a localized nursery outbreak, particularly in premature, low-birth-weight infants.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Neonatal Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Neonatal septicaemia is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in newborns.
  • Fungal infections, particularly Candida species, are increasingly recognized as important pathogens in neonatal intensive care units.
  • Understanding the etiological agents and risk factors is crucial for effective management and prevention of neonatal infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the bacterial and fungal pathogens responsible for neonatal septicaemia in a hospital nursery.
  • To determine the species distribution of Candida isolates and their clinical significance.
  • To investigate the clinical features and outcomes associated with candidal infections in neonates.

Main Methods:

  • Blood cultures were performed on 55 neonates with clinically diagnosed septicaemia over two consecutive days.

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  • Bacterial and fungal isolates were identified using standard microbiological techniques.
  • Species identification of Candida isolates was performed.

    • Main Results:

    • Bacterial isolates were identified in 34 (61.8%) cases, and Candida species in 9 (16.4%) cases.
    • Candida albicans was the most common Candida species (66.6%), causing a localized outbreak.
    • All neonates with candidal infections had asphyxia neonatorum and were premature, low-birth-weight infants.

    Conclusions:

    • Candida species, particularly C. albicans, are significant causes of neonatal septicaemia, especially in vulnerable neonates.
    • Asphyxia neonatorum, prematurity, and low birth weight are common risk factors associated with candidal infections.
    • Effective infection control measures are essential to prevent outbreaks of fungal infections in neonatal nurseries.