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Related Experiment Videos

Using mug shots to find suspects

R C Lindsay1, G J Nosworthy, R Martin

  • 1Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.

The Journal of Applied Psychology
|February 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Investigative mug shots can be effective, but biased procedures and matching descriptions increase innocent suspect selections. Mug shot viewing did not impact later lineup identification accuracy.

Area of Science:

  • Forensic Psychology
  • Criminal Justice

Background:

  • Mug shots are a common investigative tool used by law enforcement.
  • Understanding factors influencing mug-shot selection is crucial for accurate identification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the effectiveness of mug shots in criminal investigations.
  • To investigate the impact of viewing order, biased procedures, and description matching on mug-shot selections.

Main Methods:

  • Three staged-crime experiments were conducted with 365 participants.
  • Variables included the position of the suspect's photo, biased instructions, clothing bias, and description matching.

Main Results:

  • The actual suspect was frequently identified, with few innocent individuals selected.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Increased viewing of mug shots decreased suspect selections.
  • Biased instructions and clothing bias led to more innocent choices but did not affect guilty choices.
  • Description matching increased innocent suspect selections.

    • Conclusions:

    • Mug shots are a generally reliable investigative tool.
    • Procedural factors like bias and description matching can negatively impact accuracy by increasing innocent suspect selections.
    • Mug shot viewing did not affect subsequent lineup identification accuracy.