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[New perspectives in calcium metabolism]

G Palmieri1

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee, Memphis 38163.

Medicina
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

High calcium intake may paradoxically benefit health by suppressing parathyroid hormone (PTH), reducing cellular calcium overload. This approach could prevent diseases linked to excessive intracellular calcium, like hypertension and colon cancer.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Excessive intracellular calcium (Ca) accumulation causes cellular damage and disease.
  • High Ca intake paradoxically shows benefits in hypertension, nephrolithiasis, and colon cancer prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in mediating the paradoxical effects of calcium intake.
  • To investigate how PTH influences cellular calcium levels and disease pathophysiology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on calcium metabolism, PTH function, and disease.
  • Analysis of studies involving parathyroid ablation in animal models (e.g., dystrophic hamster).

Main Results:

  • PTH stimulates cellular calcium influx, potentially detrimental with altered cell permeability.
  • High Ca intake suppresses PTH secretion, reducing cellular Ca accumulation in susceptible tissues.
  • Parathyroid ablation in dystrophic hamsters improved muscle Ca levels and histology.

Conclusions:

  • Suppressed PTH secretion via high Ca intake may prevent diseases associated with cellular Ca dysregulation.
  • Recommended daily Ca intake (approx. 1600 mg) is higher than current Western averages.
  • Increased dietary Ca may be beneficial for disease prevention and treatment.

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