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A biochemical-morphological study on microvillus plasma membrane development

L Mazzanti1, R Staffolani, N Cester

  • 1Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Ancona, Italy.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
|June 1, 1994
PubMed
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Human placental syncytiotrophoblast plasma membrane undergoes significant functional and structural changes during development. These changes, including altered Na+/K+-ATPase activity and membrane microviscosity, are crucial for placental function.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • The human placental syncytiotrophoblast plasma membrane is vital for nutrient and gas exchange.
  • While term placenta membrane properties are known, its developmental changes remain poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the functional and structural characteristics of the syncytiotrophoblast plasma membrane between early (10 weeks) and term (40 weeks) human placentas.

Main Methods:

  • Biochemical assays to measure Na+/K+-ATPase activity and membrane microviscosity.
  • Analysis of lipid composition (cholesterol, phospholipids, fatty acids).
  • Electron microscopy to assess membrane ultrastructure and particle distribution.

Main Results:

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  • Significantly decreased Na+/K+-ATPase activity (Vmax) in term placentas.
  • Increased membrane microviscosity in term placentas, linked to higher cholesterol/phospholipid ratio and lower unsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio.
  • Morphological changes observed, including increased mean diameter and decreased particle aggregation (DF) in the E face of term placentas.

Conclusions:

  • Significant biochemical and morphological modifications occur in the syncytiotrophoblast plasma membrane during human placental development.
  • These alterations suggest a dynamic adaptation of the membrane's structure and function throughout gestation.