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Related Experiment Videos

Gender differences in completed and attempted suicides

E K Mościcki1

  • 1Prevention Research Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Rockville, MD 20857.

Annals of Epidemiology
|March 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Men complete suicides more often, while women attempt suicide more frequently. Both behaviors share risk factors like mental health disorders and stressful life events, with this overview focusing on gender disparities.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Suicidal behavior exhibits significant gender disparities, with distinct patterns in attempts versus completed acts.
  • Understanding these differences is crucial for developing targeted suicide prevention strategies.
  • Mental health disorders, addictive behaviors, family environment, and precipitating events are identified risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of gender differences in suicidal behaviors based on epidemiologic studies.
  • To specifically highlight findings on suicide attempts among women.
  • To explore potential explanations for observed gender-based variations in suicide.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiologic studies focusing on completed suicides and suicide attempts.
  • Analysis of data differentiating between genders for both types of suicidal behavior.
  • Synthesis of research examining risk factors and potential etiological differences.

Main Results:

  • Suicide attempts are predominantly observed in women.
  • Completed suicides are more prevalent among men.
  • Shared risk factors include mental and addictive disorders, disrupted family environments, and precipitating events.

Conclusions:

  • Gender is a significant factor influencing the manifestation of suicidal behavior.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the complex reasons behind gender differences in suicide attempts and completions.
  • Tailored interventions addressing gender-specific risk and protective factors are essential for effective suicide prevention.

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