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Low resistance junctions in crayfish. Structural changes with functional uncoupling

C Peracchia, A F Dulhunty

    The Journal of Cell Biology
    |August 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Electrical uncoupling in crayfish giant axons is linked to structural changes in gap junctions, including particle aggregation and reduced width. These alterations suggest a role for intracellular calcium in regulating neuronal communication.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Cell Biology
    • Biophysics

    Background:

    • Septate lateral giant axons in crayfish facilitate rapid neural signal transmission.
    • Gap junctions mediate electrical coupling between neurons, crucial for synchronized activity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the structural alterations in gap junctions during electrical uncoupling of crayfish giant axons.
    • To correlate changes in gap junction morphology with altered electrical properties.

    Main Methods:

    • In vitro treatment of crayfish abdominal cords with EDTA or dinitrophenol (DNP) to induce uncoupling.
    • Intracellular recording to measure electrical resistance across axonal septa.
    • Thin sectioning and freeze-fracture electron microscopy to examine gap junction structure.

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    Main Results:

    • Uncoupling was associated with tighter aggregation of intramembrane particles and reduced junctional width and gap thickness.
    • Freeze-fracture revealed a shift from a regular to a hexagonal particle array in uncoupled junctions.
    • Preliminary measurements indicated a decrease in particle diameter and junctional curvature.

    Conclusions:

    • Electrical uncoupling of crayfish giant axons is accompanied by significant structural remodeling of gap junctions.
    • Increased intracellular free calcium concentration is a likely trigger for these structural and permeability changes.
    • Conformational changes in gap junction proteins are proposed mechanisms for altered neuronal communication.